Outdoor electrical enclosures are amazing pieces of kit and allow entire streets of housing to be connected to the landline as well as providing broadband services. To live without these protective boxes would be unthinkable as we would be unable to make home phone calls as well as log on to the internet.
Electrical enclosures are essential metal or plastic cabinets which hold electrical equipment generally included cords, wires and plugs. Most of these cabinets are made from steel but there are some made from aluminum. The most common plastic used to construct these boxes is acrylic which is moderately durable. There are some wooden designs but these are quite rare to find and are usually only there to fit in with the aesthetic qualities of the street.
One of the main reasons for the existence of these protective shells is to protect the important appliances within from the elements. Wind and rain would cause short circuiting very quickly if they were left bare and exposed. Another reason is to protect them not against the weather but against youths or people who would just seek to damage them for no reason. However it's not only for protection to the components inside but to protect children are other vulnerable people who may accidently touch live circuitry and injure themselves.
Finally the last reason for why waterproof enclosures were created is with regards to looking more aesthetically pleasing. It's more than possible for the equipment to be insulated with rubber effectively to the point where they're no safer than being in the box. The difference is that lots of wires and cables and circuits aren't seen as pleasant to look at and so one of the reasons for them existing is to hide the jumble of electronics and be more pleasing to the eye.